Diagnostics of the intra-landscape differentiation of hydromorphism of forest steppe soils within the Vorona and Tsna rivers interfluve of the Volga Upland
Abstract
The paper evaluates the methods of landscape water regime indication within the forest steppe zone. Thick humus layer and carbonates in the middle and lower parts of the profile hinder the morphologic diagnostics of surface and ground overmoistening of chernozemic soils, thus requiring the application of analytical criteria. Under stagnant-percolative water regime the forming of gley causes the active outflow of most metals. Consequently, the share of IInd humus acids fraction which is associated with calcium decreases in relation to that of Ist humus acids fraction extracted by alkali without decalcification. To calculate the hydromorphism degree coefficient for soils of the northern part of the Tambov plain L.V Stepantsova used the optical densities correlation of Ist and IInd humic acids extracted from fine grained material of the arable layer (KI–II).
The diagnostic potential of KI–II was studied for the Vorona and Tsna rivers interfluve of the Volga Upland in relation to both the increasing degree of soil hydromorphism and the topographic factors differentiating the surface runoff. The experimental values of KI–II show a statistically significant increase along the range of soils with increasing moistening resulting from both atmospheric and mixed water input. Under homogenous soil forming rocks the intra-landscape differentiation of surface runoff is described by a multiple regression model using four morphometric characteristics: the depth of closed depressions, topographic wetness index, topographic factor of runoff erosion activity and the absolute height. The model explains 87% of KI–IIspatial variability and was used to compile the prognostic map of index values for three key plots on the Vorona and Tsna rivers interfluve, which are characterized by contrasting moistening conditions. Basing of the KI–II prognostic map the areas of soils with increasing duration of arable layer overmoistening were identified. The soils with the longest seasonal overmoistening, i.e. 2 months and more, cover no more than 2% of the total area. However, they contribute to high contrasts of soil cover within non-drained and slowly drained interfluves in the forest steppe zone.Keywords
chernozems,
soil and landscape correlations,
hydromorphism degree coefficient,
water regime of soils,
structural and functional organization of soil cover
Supporting agencies: The study was financially supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project № 17-04-02217). The authors thank L.V. Stepancova for support in studding of analytical diagnostic of waterlogging by coefficient (KI–II), N.B. Khitrov and M.A. Smirnova for results discussion and to the Administration of the Tambovskoye Federal State Unitary Enterprise for the interest to the study
About the Authors
E. A. Levchenko
Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Department of Soil Agroecological Assessment and Agroecosystem Practice, Junior Research Scientist
N. L. Lozbenev
Lomonosov Moscow State University; Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Master student Dokuchaev SS I, Department of Soil Agroecological Assessment and Agroecosystem Practice; Engineer
D. N. Kozlov
Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Deputy Director, PhD. in Geography
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Review
For citations:
Levchenko E.A., Lozbenev N.L., Kozlov D.N. Diagnostics of the intra-landscape differentiation of hydromorphism of forest steppe soils within the Vorona and Tsna rivers interfluve of the Volga Upland. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 5, Geografiya. 2019;(3):38-48. (In Russ.)
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