IMPACT OF AGGLOMERATION EFFECTS ON THE LOCATION OF NEW ENTERPRISES IN THE KALININ RAION OF THE TVER’ OBLAST

This article is based on agglomeration theories of the French spatial economics school (A. Torre, B. Pecqueur et al.) that focus on the spatial (proximity) as well as non-spatial (intracorporate connections, cognitive similarity, institutional conformity, social connections) collocation dimensions. Agglomeration economies could be achieved by territorial concentration of firms from the same or different industry sectors. The first case refers to localization effects (MAR-effects), the second one is about urbanization influence (Jacobs effect). Porter effects produced by concentration of competing firms of the same branch are less common. Basing on the results of in-depth interviews atHitachi, SKF and Pareto-Print plants in theKalininregion of the Tver’ Oblast, it was revealed that MAR-effects are the most important ones for the firms. This is due to the proximity of the same branch firms. Porter-effects are more specific for printing and publishing due to the presence of competing goods producers in the cluster. Jacobs effects are non-relevant for the target area as there are no appropriate conditions for appearance of localized knowledge spillover and the industrial composition of district economy is weakly diversified. 

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