NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC DISTURBANCES OF THE CHANNEL FORMATION ON LOWLAND RIVERS
Abstract
The effects of long-term (over the decades) direct violations of the movable riverbeds by major waterworks and in-stream quarries were studied basing on field observations at several Russian rivers and the analysis of publications. They led to significant changes of the energy of channel flow, characterized by specific power and the tractive force, which is an important factor of channel deformations. Morphological consequences of the hydroelectric facilities construction and the in-stream quarrying, such as riverbed degradation and scour, floodplain and riverbed disconnection, increase of the bed sediment size, transformation of the longitudinal profile of the river at a considerable distance, etc. were revealed. The process of the channel transformation is accompanied by the changes in flow energy characteristics, which determine the further development of the process itself. Downstream of dams and at the sites of vast in-stream quarries the riverbed deformation potential is drastically reduced over time due to the grade reduction and the increase of bed sediment size. In the immediate vicinity of dams on the rivers with initially mobile bed, the tractive force decreases by an order of magnitude during a few decades. The deformation potential also varies along the course of the disturbed river reaches. This contributes to the gradual slowing of the deformations and limits the possibility of riverbed recovery. The channel response depends on its initial morphology and bed sediment composition.
About the Authors
K. M. Berkovich
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Faculty of Geography, Makkaveev Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Fluvial Processes, Leading Scientific Researcher, D.Sc. in Geography
L. V. Zlotina
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Faculty of Geography, Makkaveev Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Fluvial Processes, Senior Scientific Researcher, PhD. in Geography
L. A. Turykin
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Faculty of Geography, Makkaveev Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Fluvial Processes, Senior Scientific Researcher, PhD. in Geography
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Review
For citations:
Berkovich K.M., Zlotina L.V., Turykin L.A. NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC DISTURBANCES OF THE CHANNEL FORMATION ON LOWLAND RIVERS. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 5, Geografiya. 2017;1(1):48-54. (In Russ.)
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