Specifi c features of spring slope runoff formation on arable lands of the Lower Volga River region
Abstract
The problem of spring runoff regulation is considered basing on the knowledge of the regularities of its formation. The solution of this hot task is possible when identifying the role of natural factors affecting the flow. The aim of the work was to identify the role of snow reserves combined with other natural factors (the depth of soil freezing and its humidity) in the formation of meltwater surface runoff on agricultural land. The research was carried out on light chestnut soil in the dry-steppe zone of the Volgograd region. The methodological basis of our research was a system of methods used in erosion control, hydrology and other related sciences, adapted to the goals and objectives of the study. The complex interaction of snow reserves with other natural factors influencing the formation of meltwater surface runoff in the dry-steppe zone of the Volgograd region is revealed. It was found that when the soil freezes to a depth of less than 50 cm, the runoff forms independently of snow reserves. With deeper freezing, runoff depends on the interaction of snow reserves and soil moisture. If the level of moistening of the upper soil layer (0–30 cm) is below a certain limit (70 mm), the runoff is not formed even under its deep freezing. Regression equations for the relationship of runoff with water reserves in snow and soil under its freezing to more than 50 cm are suggested for various types of land (arable land, meadow, fallow) and arable land (autumn tillage, winter crops, perennial grasses, etc.). These fundamental studies allow taking a new approach to the assessment of the hydrological process and implementing the important applied research.
Keywords
natural factors of runoff,
snow reserves,
depth of soil freezing,
soil moisture,
agricultural land use structure
Supporting agencies: The study was realized under the state task No. 0713-2019-0003 ”Theoretical foundations of erosion and hydrological process within catchment areas, conceptual directions, ways and principles of creating highly efficient environment-friendly management systems for the process in order to completely prevent soil erosion“.
About the Author
A. T. Barabanov
Federal State Budget Scientifi c Institution ”Federal Scientifi c Centre of Agroecology, Complex Melioration and Protective Afforestation of the Russian Academy of Science“, Laboratory of soil erosion control
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Head, D.Sc. in Agriculture
References
1. Alekseevskii N.I., Frolova N.P., Antonova M.M., Igonina M.I. Otsenka vliyaniya izmenenii klimata na vodnyi rezhim i stok rek basseina Volgi [Assessment of the influence of climate changes on the water regime and flow of rivers in the Volga basin], Voda: khimiya i ekologiya, 2013, no. 4, p. 3–12. (In Russian)
2. Barabanov A.T. Erozionno-gidrologicheskaya otsenka vzaimodeistviya prirodnykh i an-tropogennykh faktorov formirovaniya poverkhnostnogo stoka talykh vod i adaptivno-landshaftnoe zemledelie [Erosion and hydrological assessment of the interaction of natural and anthropogenic factors in the formation of surface runoff of meltwater and adaptive landscape agricultur], Volgograd, FNT agroekologii RAN, 2017, 188 p. (In Russian)
3. Barabanov A.T., Petel’ko A.I. Prognozirovanie poverkhnostnogo stoka talykh vod s sel’skokhozyaistvennykh ugodii v lesostepnoi chasti basseina Volgi [Forecasting of surface runoff of meltwater from agricultural land in the fo rest-steppe part of the Volga basin], Izvestiya Nizhnevolzhskogo agrouniversitetskogo kompleksa: nauka i vysshee professional’noe obrazovanie, 2018, no. 4 (52), p. 1–7, DOI: 10.32786/2071-9485-2018-04-5. (In Russian)
4. Bondarenko Yu.V., Zykov I.G. Vodoreguliruyushchaya effektivnost’ polosnykh lesnykh na-sazhdenii razlichnykh parametrov v gidrograficheskoi seti [Water-regulating efficiency of strip forest stands of various parameters in the hydrographic network], Voprosy zashchity pochv ot erozii: byul., Volgograd, VNIALMI Publ., 1978, vol. 2(27), p. 21–22. (In Russian)
5. Vodogretskii V.E., Zaitseva E.A., Elfimova L.V. Sklonovyi stok i ego izmenenie pod vliyaniem agrotekhnicheskikh i lesomeliorativnykh meropriyatii [Slope runoff and its change under the influence of agrotechnical and forest reclamation measures], Voprosy vliyaniya khozyaistvennoi deyatel’nosti na vodnye resursy i vodnyi rezhim, Trudy GGI, Leningrad, Gidrometeoizdat Publ., 1973, iss. 206, p. 53–60. (In Russian)
6. Gagarinova O.V. Landshaftno-gidrologicheskie zakonomernosti formirovaniya stoka v basseine ozera Baikal [Landscape and hydrological patterns of flow formation in the lake Baikal basin], Geografiya i prirodnye resursy, 2012, no. 3, p. 55–60. (In Russian)
7. Garshinev E.A. Ehrozionno-gidrologicheskij process i lesomelioraciya: Teoriya i modeli [Erosive-hydrological process and forest reclamation: Theory and model], Volgograd, VNIALMI Publ., 1999, 196 p. (In Russian)
8. Gel’fan A.N. Dinamiko-statisticheskoe modelirovanie formirovaniya talogo stoka [Dynamic and statistical modeling of melt runoff formation], Moscow, Nauka Publ., 2007, 280 p. (In Russian)
9. Grin A.M. Dinamika vodnogo balansa Tsentral’no-Cher Central Black Earth region], Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1965, 146 p. (In Russian)
10. Dvinskikh S.A., Kitaev A.B., Mikhailov A.V. Navodneniya na rekakh basseina Kamy i organizatsiya zashchity ot nikh [Floods on the rivers of the Kama basin and organization of protection against them], Geografiya i prirodnye resursy, 2010, no. 4, p. 74–79. (In Russian)
11. Kalyuzhnyi I.L., Pavlova K.K., Lavrov S.A. Fizicheskoe modelirovanie protsessov migratsii vlagi pri promerzanii pochv [Physical modeling of moisture migration processes during soil freezing], Meteorologiya i gidrologiya, 1984, no. 1, p. 71–85. (In Russian)
12. Kalyuzhny I.L., Lavrov S.A. Gidrofizicheskie processy na vodosbore: Ehksperimentalnyye issledovaniya i modelirovaniye [Hydrophysical processes in the catchment area: Experimental studies and modeling], St. Petersburg, Nestor-Istoriya Publ., 2012, 616 p. (In Russian)
13. Komissarov M.A., Gabbasova I.M. Eroziya pochv pri snegotayanii na pologikh sklonakh v yuzhnom Predural’e [Soil Erosion during snowmelt on gentle slopes in the southern Urals], Pochvovedenie, 2014, no. 6, p. 734–743. (In Russian)
14. Koronkevich N.I., Mel’nik K.S. Gidrologicheskie posledstviya izmeneniya zemle-pol’zovaniya v basseine reki Moskvy [Hydrological consequences of land use change in the Moscow river basin], Izvestia RAN, Ser. Geograficheskaya, 2015, no. 5, p. 38–45. (In Russian)
15. Kuchment L.S. Modeli protsessov formirovaniya rechnogo stoka [Models of river flow formation processes], Leningrad, Gidrometeoizdat Publ., 1980, 143 p. (In Russian)
16. Littl T., Khillz F. Sel’skokhozyaistvennoe opytnoe delo. Planirovanie i analiz [Agricultural experimental business. Planning and analysis], Moscow, Kolos Publ., 1981, 319 p. (In Russian)
17. L’vovich M.I. Chelovek i vody [Man and water], Moscow, Geografizdat Publ., 1963, 567 p. (In Russian)
18. Metodicheskie rekomendacii po uchyotu stoka i smyva pochv pri izuchenii vodnoj erozii [Guidelines for accounting for runoff and soil washout in the study of water erosion], Leningrad, Gidrometeoizdat Publ., 1976, 171 p. (In Russian)
19. Mukhin V.M. Metody prognozirovaniya pritoka vody v vodokhranilishcha za period ve-sennego polovod’ya [Methods of forecasting water inflow to reservoirs during the spring flood], Trudy Gidromettsentra Rossii, Gidrometeorologicheskie prognozy, 2014, iss. 351, p. 108–140. (In Russian)
20. Panfilov A.V., Proezdov P.N., Rozanov A.V., Karpushkin A.V. Modeling of processes of anti-erosion agriculture and agroforestry, Agrarian scientific Journal, 2017, no. 9, p. 19–23.
21. Protod’yakonov M.I., Teder R.I. Metodika ratsional’nogo planirovaniya eksperimenta [The methodology of rational planning of the experiment], Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1970, 75 p. (In Russian)
22. Surmach G.P. Vodnaya eroziya i bor’ba s nei [Water erosion and control], Leningrad, Gidrometeoizdat Publ., 1976, 254 p. (In Russian)
23. Surmach G.P., Lomakin M.M., Shestakova A.P. Prognozirovanie stoka talykh vod [Prediction of meltwater runoff], Zemledelie, 1989, no. 4, p. 29–31. (In Russian)
24. Sukhanovskii Yu.P. Veroyatnostnyi podkhod k raschetu erozionnykh poter’ pochvy [Probabilistic approach to calculating soil erosion losses], Pochvovedenie, 2013, no. 4, p. 474–479. (In Russian)
25. Urbanova O.N., Semanov D.A. Metodika rascheta napolneniya prudov dlya prognozi-rovaniya bezopasnogo propuska vesennego polovod’ya [Method for calculating pond filling for predicting safe passage of spring floods], Geografiya i prirodnye resursy, 2010, no. 4, p. 144–148. (In Russian)
26. Sheppel’ P.A. Spetsial’nyi vesennii popusk pavodkovykh vod Volgi [Special spring release of flood waters of the Volga], Volgograd, Nizhne-Volzhskoe Publ., 1990, 191 p. (In Russian)
27. Barabanov A.T., Dolgov S.V., Koronkevich N.I., Panov V.I., Petelko A.I. Surface runoff and snowmelt infiltration into the soil on plowlands in the forest-steppe and steppe zones of the east European plain, Eurasian Soil Science, 2018, vol. 51, no. 1, p. 66–72.
28. Chanasyk D.S. Effects of fall cultivation on runoff and erosion, Erosion knows no boundaries, 1989, no. 3, p.141–144.
29. Dorfel H., Bätz G., Meyer U. Heuristisches Herangehen bei der Wahl des Auswertungsverfahrens für Feldversuche, Feldversuchswesen, 1989, no. 6, p. 90–100.
30. Evahs R. Water erosion in British farmers fields: some sources, impacts, predictions, Progr. in phys. Geography, 1990, no. 5, p. 199–219.
Review
For citations:
Barabanov A.T. Specifi c features of spring slope runoff formation on arable lands of the Lower Volga River region. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 5, Geografiya. 2021;(6):77-86. (In Russ.)
Views:
597
Email this article 
