Settlement as a holistic object for integrated geographical research
Abstract
Settlement is considered as a geographical entity, consisting of a combination of permanent and variable components. The former are population groups, infrastructure, enterprises and organization of social services, while the latter include enterprises that provide the participation of a settlement in the territorial division of labour and its specialization, as well as the natural resource and natural components of an enclosing geosystem. Forward and reverse, direct and indirect links between social and economic components, as well as between them and natural resource and natural components, are identified. The conclusion is that the node of the closest inter-component links is integrated in the geographical space of a settlement. A structural and functional model of a settlement is proposed, which includes series of permanent and variable components. The combination of various series was evaluated in terms of the share of employed for a group of urban settlements in the Primorsky Krai.
It is revealed that the share of permanent components varies slightly in different cities with no relation to their population numbers, while the share of variables differs greatly.
The structuring of territory outside the settlements is considered, i. e. between two settlements interconnected by a transport link. The territory partly gravitates towards one settlement and partly to another one. Ultimately, a territorial socio-economic system with structural links of the first order and a detailed structuring of the central settlement is considered to be an object of integrated geographical research.
About the Author
P. Ya. Baklanov
Pacific Geographical Institute, Far-Eastern Branch of RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Scientific Director of the Institute, Academician of the RAS, Professor, D.Sc. in Geography
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Review
For citations:
Baklanov P.Ya. Settlement as a holistic object for integrated geographical research. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 5, Geografiya. 2021;(4):3-11. (In Russ.)
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