Geochemistry of snow cover within the Tyumen City
Abstract
The paper describes the results of studying the geochemical parameters of snow cover in the city of Tyumen (Western Siberia) during the winter period of 2019–2020. Dust load, concentrations and spatial distribution patterns of major and trace elements in insoluble particulate matters and physical-chemical characteristics of snowmelt water were evaluated for the territory of Tyumen and surrounding background area. The background concentrations of insoluble particles in the snow vary from 4,1 to 10,9 mg/l. The dust load amounted to 5,5 mg/m2 per day and was at an average level compared to the unpolluted territories within Tomsk, Omsk and Novosibirsk regions. A significant alcalization (by 1,6 pH units) and higher mineralization of snowmelt water, as well as the increasing average dust load (up to 20 mg/m2 per day) are characteristic of the urban territory. The dust load varies from 5,4 to 94 mg/m2 per day in Tyumen, the value being lower than in the cities with more intensive industrial activities. Higher Cl and Na concentrations were revealed close to the main roads where the bicarbonate-calcium waters turn into bicarbonate-sodium and chloridesodium ones under the influence of deicing chemicals. Calculation of concentration coefficients showed that Mn, Ni, Co, W, Sb, Cr, Cd, Pb and Cu form the association of elements-polluters. Higher concentrations of Ni, Co, Mn and W are characteristic of solid deposits along the main roads. The high concentration of Pb (37 times the background value) was recorded in the vicinity of a battery factory. The increased concentration of Cd in the zone of single-storey houses is due to incineration of household wastes and stove heating. Calculation of total pollution and immission values suggests that despite the high concentrations of metals and metalloids in the solid fraction the overall flow of pollutants is rather low due to relatively small dust load.
Supporting agencies: The work was financially supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 19-05-50062\19) and the fundamental research project of the SB RAS IX.135.2.2. (АААА-А17-117051850064-0).
About the Authors
D. V. Moskovchenko
Tyumen State University; Tyumen Scientific Centre SB RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Cryology and Cryosophy Institute, Leading Scientific Researcher, D.Sc. in Geography
R. Yu. Pozhitkov
Tyumen Scientific Centre SB RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Institute of the Problems of Northern Development, Junior Scientific Researcher
A. N. Kurchatova
Tyumen Scientific Centre SB RAS, Institute of the Earth Cryosphere; Industrial University of Tyumen
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Tyumen Scientific Centre SB RAS, Institute of the Earth Cryosphere, PhD in Geology and Mineralogy, Senior Scientific Researcher; Industrial University of Tyumen, Associate Professor
R. I. Timshanov
Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Laboratory of Hydrogeology and Geothermics, Chief Engineer, PhD in Geology and Mineralogy
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For citations:
Moskovchenko D.V., Pozhitkov R.Yu., Kurchatova A.N., Timshanov R.I. Geochemistry of snow cover within the Tyumen City. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 5, Geografiya. 2021;(3):13-26. (In Russ.)
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