Some features of correlation between orographic elements and drainage network
Abstract
Depending on the context it is expedient to consider watershed nodes as both points on topographic or geomorphologic maps (node top) and specific forms of relief with conformal geological content (watershed node-morphostructure – WNM) hosting the sources of watercourses and top parts of their valleys. Such approach which accents WMN as key elements of the structure, factors of development of various orogenic systems and areas of denudation in general allows a new approach to the geological-geomorphologic analysis of correlation between orographic features and network of watercourses for the territories and the issues of their formation, evolution, etc. Several main types of disharmonies have been identified: 1 – the intersection of orogenic arches and mountain ranges by rivers resulting in formation of canyon-like antecedent valleys with maximum incision; 2 – abnormally high concentration of river sources within particular WMN; 3 – remoteness of some large WNM from the areas of maximum heights of mountain ranges and rises of the territories; 4 – river captures, accompanied by the introduction of watercourses of neighboring river systems into the interfluves and the changes in plan patterns of WMN and water catchments. Using the examples of different objects and regions (Far East, Siberia, Europe, North America) it is shown that the bases of these phenomena are heterochrony and heterogeneity of the WNMs of the territories, different time of WNMs and drainage network formation, the presence of long-living centers of endogenous activity and granite formation, with which WNMs are associated, etc.
Energy dependence of the Earth’s crust uplifting makes it possible to consider WNMs associated with focal morphostructures as universal elements of the structure of orogens and regions of tectonomagmatic activity being most resistant to tectonic destruction and denudation.
About the Author
A. A. Gavrilov
V.I. Ilichev Pacific Oceanological Institute
Russian Federation
FEB RAS, Laboratory of Gravimetry, Leading Scientific Researcher, PhD. in Geology
Russian Federation
FEB RAS, Laboratory of Gravimetry, Leading Scientific Researcher, PhD. in Geology
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Review
For citations:
Gavrilov A.A. Some features of correlation between orographic elements and drainage network. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 5, Geografiya. 2020;(6):99-109. (In Russ.)
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