Mapping of environment-forming functions of forests and their comparative analysis in the landscapes of the Moscow region
Abstract
The article presents the results of a medium-scale study and mapping of the environment-forming functions of forests in the reference landscapes located in various physical and geographical areas of the Moscow region, namely the Verkhnevolzhskaya Lowland, the Klinsko-Dmitrovskaya range, the Teplostanskaya Upland and the Meshcherskaya Lowland. The actual forest diversity was determined for each landscape from the vegetation map; the dynamics of each forest epi-assosiation was identified, and the vegetation index was calculated using the Landsat space imagery. The production of oxygen and the carbon sequestration by phytomass are calculated for 1 ha of some types of forests, the composition and structure of which are covered in available publications. The sources of information are field studies by the author, the Department of Biogeography of the MSU Faculty of Geography, the Center of Forest Ecology and Productivity of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and literary sources. Using methods of mathematical statistics and values of the vegetation index, a method for calculating the environment-forming functions for each forest area of reference landscapes is proposed. This made it possible to give a cartographic assessment of the contribution of main tree species to the environment-forming functions of forests. The highest values of oxygen production are characteristic of floodplain forests with gray and black alder, hazel and willow, as well as for nominally primary broad-leaved species. The maximum production of oxygen is observed in the landscapes with low anthropogenic impact, i. e. the Verkhnevolzhskaya and Meshcherskaya lowlands, the minimum production – in the anthropogenically disturbed forests of the Teplostanskaya Upland. And, the swampy terrain of the low-lying landscapes determines relatively high values of carbon sequestration by forests. The paper gives examples of the evaluation maps of environment-forming functions of forests. The results can be used for sustainable forest management with the aim of recommending the conservation measures for the most valuable forest communities in a landscape. Disregard of the environmental component leads to the degradation of both forests and the whole ecosystem, thus affecting the ecological situation and the human health.
About the Author
O. D. Vasilyev
Lomonosov Moscow State University;
Zubov State Oceanographic Institute
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Faculty of Geography, Department of Cartography and Geoinformatics, post-graduate student;
Department of Applied Sea and Water Economy Research and Surveying, Junior Scientific Researcher
References
1. Annenskaya G.N., Zhuchkova V.K., Kalinina V.R., Mamai I.I., Nizovtsev V.A., Khrustaleva M.A. Tsesel’chuk Yu.N. Landshafty Moskovskoi oblasti i ikh sovremennoe sostoyanie [Landscapes of the Moscow region and their current state]. Smolensk, SGU Publ., 1997, 296 p. (In Russian)
2. Bazilevich N.I. Biologicheskaya produktivnost’ ekosistem Severnoi Evrazii [Biological productivity of Northern Eurasia ecosystems], Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1993, 293 p. (In Russian)
3. Bottcher H., Kurz W.A., Freibauer A. Accounting of forest carbon sinks and sources under a future climate protocol – factoring out past disturbance and management effects on age-class structure. Environ. Sci. Policy, 2008, no. 11, p. 669–686.
4. Burkhard B., Maes J. Mapping Ecosystem Services. Sofia, Pensoft Publishers, 2017, 374 p.
5. Hansen М.С., Potapov P.V., Moore R., Hancher R. et al. HighResolution Global Maps of 21st-Century Forest Cover Change. Science, 15 Nov 2013, vol. 342, iss. 6160, p. 850–853. DOI: 10.1126/science.1244693. URL: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/342/6160/850
6. Kolomyts E.G. Rozenberg G.S., Sharaya L.S. Metody landshaftnoi ekologii v prognoznykh otsenkakh bioticheskoi regulyatsii uglerodnogo tsikla pri global’nom poteplenii [Landscape ecology methods in predictive estimates of the biotic regulation of the carbon cycle during the global warming]. Ekologiya, 2009, no. 6, p. 403–409. (In Russian)
7. Kravchenko P.N. Ekologicheskaya otsenka territorii Tverskoi oblasti v interesakh sokhraneniya redkikh vidov in situ na osnove karkasno-geoekologicheskogo modelirovaniya [Ecological assessment of the Tver region for in-situ conservation of rare species based on the network-geoecological modeling], PhD dissertation, Tver, 2015, 181 p. (In Russian)
8. Kronberg P. Distantsionnoe izuchenie Zemli [Remote sensing of the Earth]. Moscow, Mir Publ., 1998, 343 p. (In Russian)
9. Kronberg P. Fernerkundung der Erde: Grundlagen und Methoden des Remote Sensing in der Geologie. Stuttgart, Enke, 1985, 394 p.
10. Ogureeva G.N., Miklyaeva I.M., Suslova E.G., Shvergunova L.V. Rastitel’nost’ Moskovskoi oblasti. Poyasnitel’nyi tekst k karte (m-b 1:200 000) [Vegetation of the Moscow region. Explanatory text to the map (scale 1:200 000)]. Moscow, Ekor Publ., 1996, 45 p. (In Russian)
11. Rubtsov M.V. Klassifikatsiya funktsij i roli lesa [Classification of forest functions and role]. Lesovedenie, 1984, no. 2, p. 3–10. (In Russian)
12. Schimal D.S., House, J.L., Hibbard K.A. et al. Reset patterns and mechanisms of carbon exchange by terrestrial ecosystems. Nature, 2001, vol. 414, no. 8, p. 169–178. DOI: 10.1038/35102500.
13. Usoltsev V.A. Fitomassa i pervichnaya produktsiya lesov Evrazii [Biomass and primary production of Eurasia’s forests]. Yekaterinburg, UrO RAN Publ., 2010, 570 p. (In Russian)
14. Usoltsev V.A. Fitomassa model’nykh derev’ev lesoobrazuyushikh porod Evrazii: baza dannykh, klimaticheski obuslovlennaya geografiya, taksatsionnye normativy [Single-tree biomass of forest-forming species in Eurasia: database, climaterelated geography, weight tables]. Yekaterinburg, Ural’skii gosud. lesotekhn. universitet, 2016, 335 p. (In Russian)
15. Utkin A.I., Zamolodchikov D.G., Pryazhnikov A.A. Metody opredeleniya deponirovaniya ugleroda fitomassy i nettoproduktivnosti lesov (na primere Respubliki Belarus’) [Methods for evaluation of carbon sequestration in phytomass and net productivity of forests (case study of the Republic of Belarus)]. Lesovedenie, 2003, no. 1, p. 48–57. (In Russian)
16. Varfolomeev A.Y., Mironenko A.A. Vliyanie nakopleniya biologicheskikh povrezhdenii na vydelenie kisloroda khvoinymi nasazhdeniyami na severe [Decrease of oxygen segregation by coniferous stands in case of biological damage accumulation]. Fundamental research, 2012, no. 9–2, p. 361–369. (In Russian)
17. Vasilyev O.D., Chistov S.V. [Ecological framework of Moscow region and its preservation], Vserossiiskii kongress molodykh uchenykh-geografov Geopoisk-2017 [All-Russian Congress of young geographers «Geopoisk-2017»], Tver, TvGU Publ., 2017, p. 338–354. (In Russian)
18. Vasilyev O.D., Chistov S.V. Issledovanie i kartografirovanie sredoobrazuyushchikh funktsii lesov Novoi Moskvy [Researching and creating maps of environmental-forming functions of the forests of New Moscow], Izvestiya vuzov. Geodezy and aerophotosurveying, 2016, vol. 60, no. 5, p. 128–133. (n Russian)
19. Vasilyev O.D., Ogureeva G.N., Chistov S.V. Otsenka tsenoticheskogo raznoobraziya lesnogo pokrova i ego dinamiki v etalonnykh landshaftakh Moskovskogo regiona po dannym distantsionnogo zondirovaniya [The assessment of forest cenotic diversity and its dynamics in Moscow region reference landscapes based on remote sensing data], Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Nauki o Zemle, 2019, no. 64(2), p. 185–205. DOI: 10.21638/spbu07.2019.202. (In Russian)
20. Woodwart F.I., Smith T.M., Emanuel V.R. A global and primary productivity and phypogeography model. Global biogeochemical cycles, 1995, vol. 9, iss. 4, p. 471–490. DOI: 10.1029/95GB02432.
21. Zamolodchikov D.G. Sistemy otsenki i prognoza zapasov ugleroda v lesnykh ekosistemakh [The system of evaluation and prediction of carbon stocks in forest ecosystems]. Ustoichivoe lesopol’zovanie, 2011, no. 4(29), p. 15–22. (In Russian)
22. Zimin M.V. Razrabotka metodiki kartografirovaniya sredoobrazuyuschikh funktsij boreal’nykh lesov evropeiskoi Rossii [Elaboration of a methodology for mapping the environment-forming functions of boreal forests in European Russia]. PhD dissertation. Moscow, 2009, 157 p. (In Russian)
Review
For citations:
Vasilyev O.D. Mapping of environment-forming functions of forests and their comparative analysis in the landscapes of the Moscow region. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 5, Geografiya. 2020;(6):21-31. (In Russ.)
Views:
706
Email this article 
