Diversity and distribution of Bryoria species in the Moscow region
Abstract
The analysis of thematic literature and herbariums of fruticose epigenous lichens of Bryoria genus from 186 points in the Moscow region showed that currently eight Bryoria species range in the Moscow region, mostly on spruce (Picea abies) branches, and sometimes on Betula pendula and Salix caprea. Healthy growth of Bryoria lichens in the region is only possible under a combination of microclimate and habitat factors, i. e. sufficiently high air humidity in the surface layer, minimum air pollution, absence of harmful pollutants and high PPM concentrations, particular types of plant community, preservation of old-growth forests, and suitable phorophyte, or tree species, as a substrate.
Schemes in the article demonstrate locations with maximum numbers of Bryoria species finds per 100 km2, as well as individual finds of the genus species within the study area. The maximum Bryoria diversity is in Mozhaysk, Klin, Ruza and Lotoshino districts. There are no large polluters there, and the air quality is high according to environment monitoring data, with the lowest levels of pollutants and dust particles. Bryoria vrangiana, B. nadvornikiana, B. osteola and B. simplicior are the rarest species of Bryoria in the Moscow region.
Bryoria species, especially the rarest ones, concentrate in the northwestern and northern parts of the region. The lichens are ecologically associated with damp and swampy spruce and spruce with birch and aspen old-growth forests and forest plantations, and the edge parts of transitory and raised forest bogs. Lichen thalluses sometimes reach maximum size (25 cm) within these habitats and are often found in large groups of two to three species. This fact indicates a favorable environmental situation in this part of the Moscow region.
All discovered Bryoria species are in the Red Book of the Moscow region and require protection and further investigation.
About the Authors
E. A. Aristarkhova
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Faculty of Geography, Biogeography Department, PhD student
Russian Federation
Faculty of Geography, Biogeography Department, PhD student
E. G. Suslova
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Faculty of Geography, Biogeography Department, Associate Professor, PhD in Geography
Russian Federation
Faculty of Geography, Biogeography Department, Associate Professor, PhD in Geography
S. M. Shadchinov
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Faculty of Geography, Department of Physical Geography and Landscape Science, PhD student
Russian Federation
Faculty of Geography, Department of Physical Geography and Landscape Science, PhD student
References
1. Annenskaya G.N., Zhuchkova V.K., Kalinina V.R., Mamaj I.I., Nizovtsev V.A., Khrustaleva M.A., Tsesel’chuk Yu.N. Landshafty Moskovskoj oblasti i ih sovremennoe sostoyanie [Landscapes of the Moscow region and their current state], Smolensk State University Publ., Smolensk, 1997, p. 296. (In Russian)
2. Boluda C.G., Rico V.J., Divakar P.K., Nadyeina O., Myllys L., McMullin R.T, Zamora J.C., Scheidegger C., Hawksworth D.L. Evaluating methodologies for species delimitation: the mismatch between phenotypes and genotypes in lichenized fungi (Bryoria sect. Implexae, Parmeliaceae), Persoonia 42, 2019, p. 75–100.
3. Chernyad’eva I.V. (Ed.), Kotkova V.M., Zemlyanskaya I.V., Novozhilov YU.K., Vlasenko A.V., Vlasenko V.A., Blagoveshchenskaya E.Yu., Georgieva M.L., Notov A.A., Gimel’brant D.E., Muchnik E.E., Urbanavichene I.N., Aristarkhova E.A., Bocharnikov M.V., Ismailov A.B. Novye nahodki vodoroslej, gribov, lishajnikov i mohoobraznyh [New finds of algae, fungi, lichens and bryophytes], Novosti sistematiki nizshih rastenij, 2018, vol. 52(1), p. 209–223. (In Russian)
4. Dobson F.S. Lichens. An illustrated guide to the British and Irish species. England, 2011, 496 p.
5. Elenkin A.A. Flora lishajnikov Srednej Rossii. Chast’ 1. [Lichen Flora of Central Russia. Part 1], Yur’ev: tipografiya K. Mattisena Publ., 1906, 184 p. (In Russian)
6. Golubkova N.S. Flora lishajnikov Moskovskoj oblasti [Lichen flora of the Moscow region], PhD Thesis in Biology, St Peterburg, Botanical institute of SSSR Academy Scienses, 1962, 102 p. (In Russian)
7. Golubkova N.S. Opredelitel’ lishajnikov Rossii [Determinant of lichens in Russia], vol. 6, St. Petersburg, 1996, p. 18–32. (In Russian)
8. Golubkova N.S. Opredelitel’ lishajnikov Srednej polosy Evropejskoj chasti SSSR [Determinant of lichens in the Middle zone of the European part of the USSR]. Moscow–Leningrad, Nauka Publ., 1966, p. 256. (in Russian)
9. Gorshkov V.V. [Influence of atmospheric pollution with sulfur oxides on epiphytic lichen cover of Northern taiga forests], Lesnye ekosistemy i atmosfernoe zagryaznenie [Forest ecosystems and atmospheric pollution], St. Petersburg, Nauka Publ., 1990, p. 144–159. (In Russian)
10. Insarov G.E., Muchnik E.E., Insarova I.D. [Epiphytic lichens under air pollution in Moscow: methodology for long-term monitoring], Problemy ekologicheskogo monitoringa i modelirovaniya ekosistem [Problems of environment monitoring and ecosystem modeling], vol. 23, Moscow, Yu.A. Izrael Institute of Global Climate and Ecology Publ., 2010, p. 277–296. (In Russian)
11. Karstrom M. The project One step ahead – a presentation , Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 1992, vol. 86, no. 3, p. 103–114.
12. Krasnaya kniga Moskovskoj oblasti (izd. 2-e, dopoln. i pererabot.) [Red book of the Moscow region (2nd edition, updated and revised)], T.I. Varlygina, V.A. Zubakin, N.A. Sobolev (Eds.), Moscow, Tov. nauchnyh izdanij KMK Pupl., 2008, 828 p. (In Russian)
13. Krasnaya kniga Moskovskoj oblasti (izd. 3-e dopoln. i pererabot.) [Red book of the Moscow region (3rd edition, updated and revised)]. T.I. Varlygina, V.A. Zubakin, N.B. Nikitskij, A.V. Sviridov, Moscow region, Verhov’e Publ., 2018, 810 p. (In Russian)
14. Krasnaya kniga Rossiyskoj Federacii (Rasteniya i griby) [Red Book of the Russian Federation (Plants and fungi)], Moscow, Tov. nauchnyh izdanij KMK Publ., 2008, 855 p. (In Russian)
15. Muchnik E.E., Blagoveshchenskaya E.Yu. Materialy k izucheniyu lihenobioty zakaznika «Zvenigorodskaya biostanciya MGU i kar’er «Sima» (Moskovskaya oblast’) [Materials to the study of lichens of the reserve Zvenigorod biostation of MSU and quarries «Sima» (Moscow Region)], Vestn. Tul’sk. gos. un-ta, Tula St. Univ. Publ., 2019, p. 208–216. (In Russian)
16. Muchnik E.E., Insarova I.D., Kazakova M.V. Uchebnyj opredelitel’ lishajnikov Srednej Rossii: uchebno-metodicheskoe posobie [Training key to lichens of Central Russia: educational and methodological guide], S.A. Esenin Ryazan’ St. Univ. Publ., Ryazan’, 2011, 360 s. (In Russian)
17. Myachkova N.A., Sorokina V.N. Klimat Moskovskoj oblasti [Climate of the Moscow region], Moscow, Moscow St. Univ. Publ., 1991, 52 p. (In Russian)
18. Myllys L., Velmala S., Holien H. Bryoria // Nordic Lichen Flora, vol. 4. Parmeliaceae, Thell A., Moberg R. (Eds.), 2011, p. 26–36.
19. Notov A.A. Nacional’nyj park «Zavidovo». Sosud istye rasteniya, mohoobraznye, lishajniki [National Park «Zavidovo». Vascular plants, bryophytes, lichens]. V.I. Fertikov (Ed.), Feder. slu zh ba ohrany Ros. Federacii, Gos. kompleks «Zavidovo», Tver’ St. Univ., Moscow, Delovoj mir Publ., 2010, 367 p. (In Russian)
20. Notov A.A., Notov V.A., Fertikov V.I. O rasprostranenii nekotoryh redkih i ohranyaemyh vidov lishajnikov v Moskovskoj chasti nacional’nogo parka «Zavidovo» [About the distribution of some rare and protected species of lichens in the Moscow part of the Zavidovo National Park], Vestn. Tver’ gos. un-ta, Ser. «Biologiya i ekologiya», 2018, no. 1, p. 138–150. (In Russian)
21. Ogureeva G.N., Miklyaeva I.M., Suslova E.G., Shvergunova L.V. Rastitel’nost’ Moskovskoj oblasti. Karta rastitel’nosti. Masshtab 1:200 000. Poyasnitel’nyj tekst i legenda k karte [Vegetation of the Moscow region. Vegetation map. Scale 1:200 000. Explanatory text and legend for the map], Moscow, EKOR, 1996, 45 p. (In Russian)
22. Pchyolkin A.V. [Distribution of epiphytic lichens in the Prioksko-Terrasny Reserve], Ekosistemy Prioksko-Terrasnogo biosfernogo zapovednika [Ecosystems of the Prioksko-Terrasny Reserve]. Pushchino, «Biopress» Publ., 2005, p. 91–94. (In Russian)
23. Petrov V.V. Novaya skhema geobotanicheskogo rajonirovaniya Moskovskoj oblasti [New scheme for geobotanical zoning of the Moscow region], Vestn. Mosk. un-ta, Ser. 6, Biologiya, pochvovedenie, 1968, no. 5, p. 44–50. (In Russian)
24. Rose F. Lichenological indicators of age and environmental continuity in woodland, Lichenology: Progress and problems. London, New York: Acad. Press, 1976, vol. 8, p. 279–307.
25. Tarasova V.N. Struktura i dinamika mohovo-lishajnikovogo pokrova v srednetaezhnyh lesah severo-zapada evropejskoj chasti Rossii [The structure and dynamics of moss-lichen cover in the middle taiga forests of the north-west of the European part of Russia], Extended Abstract of PhD Thesis in Biology, St. Peterburg, 2017, 46 p. (In Russian)
26. Tolpysheva T.Yu., Suslova E.G., Rumyancev V.Yu. [Bryoria species within nature protection areas of the Moscow region], Trudy Karelskogo nauchnogo tsentra RAN [Proc. of the Karelian Scientific Center of RAS] Karelian Scientific Center Publ., Petrozavodsk, 2017, no. 4, p. 72–80. (In Russian)
27. Velmala S., Myllys L., Goward T., Holien H., Halonen P. Taxonomy of Bryoria section Implexae (Parmeliaceae, Lecanoromycetes) in North America and Europe, based on chemical, morphological and molecular data. Annales Botanici Fennici, 2014, vol. 51, no. 6, p. 345–371.
28. Wirth V. Zeigewerte von Flechten, Scripta Geobotanica, 1991, Bd. 18, s. 215–237.
29. Web-sources
30. Byazrov L.G. Vidovoj sostav lihenobioty Moskovskoj oblasti [The species composition of Moscow region lichen biota], Version 2, 2009. (In Russian), URL: http://www.sevin.ru/laboratories/biazrov_msk.html (access date 01.03.2020).
31. Ekologicheskie karty Moskvy i Podmoskov’ya [Ecological maps of Moscow and Moscow region.], Portal-reference «MWMoskva.ru». (In Russian), URL: https://mwmoskva.ru/ekologicheskaya-karta-moskvy.html (access date 02.03.2020).
32. Podmoskov’e segodnya, info-portal [Info portal «Moscow region today»]. GAU MO «Izdatel’skij dom «Podmoskov’e». (In Russian), URL: https://mosregtoday.ru/archive (access date 01.03.2020).
33. Suslova E.G. Lesa Moskovskoj oblasti [Forests of the Moscow region], Ekosistemy: ekologiya i dinamika, 2018, vol. 3, no. 1, p. 119–190. (In Russian), URL: http://www.ecosystemsdynamic.ru (access date 01.03.2020).
34. Suslova E.G., Tolpysheva T.Yu., Rusanov A.V., Rumyancev V.Yu. Sovremennoe rasprostranenie nekotoryh redkih i ohranyaemyh lishajnikov v Moskovskoj oblasti [The current distribution of some rare and protected lichens in the Moscow region], Ekosistemy: ekologiya i dinamika, 2017, vol. 1, no. 1, p. 93–118. (In Russian), URL: http://www.ecosystemsdynamic.ru (access date 01.03.2020).
35. The World Air Quality Index project. Real-time monitoring. URL: https://aqicn.org/city/moscow/ (access date 01.03.2020).
Review
For citations:
Aristarkhova E.A., Suslova E.G., Shadchinov S.M. Diversity and distribution of Bryoria species in the Moscow region. Lomonosov Geography Journal. 2020;(5):88-97. (In Russ.)
Views:
520
Email this article 
