The origin and geography of flash floods
Abstract
Information about extreme erosion events (EEEs) in the World is collected and integrated. The main regularities of spatial and temporal variability of factors of their formation and development are evaluated, as well as their consequences under various combinations of natural and anthropogenic factors. The main natural factors of flash floods formation and spatio-temporal variability, such as intensity and amount of precipitation, relief and soil-vegetation cover characteristics, hydrological regime of rivers etc., are studied. The anthropogenic impacts promoting the EEEs formation, i.e. road construction, artificial channel processes, mine works etc., are examined. It was found that the dominant cause of EEEs is rains of high intensity, which increase in frequency and amount during recent decades due to climate change. Anthropogenic activities in river basins usually promote the intensification of EEEs but are rarely the factor of their origin. The most severe extreme events usually occur in small river basins (with the area below 1000 km2), located in mountains and foothills.
About the Authors
L. V. Kuksina
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Junior Scientific Researcher, PhD in Geography
Faculty of Geography, Makkaveev Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Fluvial Processes
V. N. Golosov
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Dr. Sc. in Geography, Leading Scientific Researcher
Faculty of Geography, Makkaveev Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Fluvial Processes; Institute of Geography RAS, Laboratory of Geomorphology
E. V. Promakhova
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Junior Scientific Researcher, PhD in Geography
Faculty of Geography, Makkaveev Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Fluvial Processes
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Review
Supporting agencies: The study was financially supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project № 16-05-00815).
For citations:
Kuksina L.V., Golosov V.N., Promakhova E.V. The origin and geography of flash floods. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 5, Geografiya. 2020;(1):11-22. (In Russ.)
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