Hydrological and hydrochemical rationales for desighning the ecological network in agrolandscape of the southern part of Arhangelsk oblast
Abstract
The paper focuses on the influence of proportion of forest cover and arable lands on hydrological and hydrochemical properties of runoff for small rivers in the taiga zone flowing entirely or partially within agrolandscapes. The objective of the research was to determine ratio of land use types in a small basin that supports water migration parameters close to the background conditions. Since 2013 fourteen seasonal measurements of runoff and hydrochemical properties in 15 gauge lines were performed. To reveal matter sources the hypotheses about statistically significant linkages between ions concentration and quantitative parameters of land use and relief in a basin were tested. The linkage density and type of relationship can vary depending on year and season. During vegetation period in wet years the higher forest cover results in decrease of runoff modulus. Variability of runoff modulus is inversely related to the proportion of forest cover. Agriculture contributes to changes in hydrochemical properties by means of surface erosion on plowed slopes which results in the input of Ca2+, Mg2+, HCO3 – , mineral P, and NO3 – during snowmelt. Forest cover less than 20–25% and plowing encourage the change in biogenic elements ratio in surface water with decrease of organic P and increase of mineral P, NO3 – and K+ concentrations. Improvement of ecological network should be aimed at the increase of forest cover in small basins at the expense of steep valley slopes, gullies, and distal sectors of deluvial fans. This would sustain the chemical composition of water and annual runoff of dissolved substances close to regional background conditions.
Keywords
basin,
landscape structure,
forest percentage,
field percentage,
runoff modulus,
hydrochemical attributes,
seasonal variability
Supporting agencies: The study was financially supported by the Russian Foundation for Fundamental Research (projects № 17-05-00447, 14-05-00170, 13-05-00821). The authors are grateful to D.I. Shkolny, E.A. Lysenko, K.A. Merekalova, A.E. Malysheva, V.M. Matasov and L.G. Emelyanova for their participation in field data acquisition.
About the Authors
A. V. Khoroshev
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Faculty of Geography, Department of Physical Geography and Landscape Science, Professor, D.Sc. in Geography
Russian Federation
Faculty of Geography, Department of Physical Geography and Landscape Science, Professor, D.Sc. in Geography
A. G. Kositskiy
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Faculty of Geography, Department of Land Hydrology, Associate Professor, PhD. in Geography
Russian Federation
Faculty of Geography, Department of Land Hydrology, Associate Professor, PhD. in Geography
A. N. Lukyanova
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Faculty of Geography, Department of Land Hydrology, Engineer
Russian Federation
Faculty of Geography, Department of Land Hydrology, Engineer
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Review
For citations:
Khoroshev A.V., Kositskiy A.G., Lukyanova A.N. Hydrological and hydrochemical rationales for desighning the ecological network in agrolandscape of the southern part of Arhangelsk oblast. Lomonosov Geography Journal. 2019;(4):63-72. (In Russ.)
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