INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE CHANGES ON FOREST ECOSYSTEMS AND PEATLAND DEVELOPMENT IN THE CENTRAL FOREST STATE RESERVE
Abstract
The paper presents the results of studies on the relationship between the Middle and Late Holocene climate changes and the evolution of spruce forests (Piceetum myrtilloso-sphagnosum), the typical geosystem of the southern taiga subzone within the East European plain. The history of successions of forest-forming tree species within a sample plot and the intensity of paludification processes were traced basing on the pollen analysis and radiocarbon dating. The data obtained showed that the areas of present-day spruce forests, were covered by broadleaf-spruce forests with significant share of broadleaf tree species (7000– 2900 cal. yr. BP) and broadleaf-spruce forests with high abundance of spruce (2900–800 cal. yr. BP). Despite significant fluctuations of temperature and precipitation in the second half of the Holocene, the broadleaf-coniferous forests continued their existence in the study area for a long time.
The process of paludification and development of the Sphagnum spruce forest started about 800 cal. yr. BP as a result of climate moistening and cooling during the Little Ice Age. During the Middle and Late Holocene the peat accumulation rate in a small depression within the sample plot varied between 0.08–0.14 mm/year. A sharp increase in peat vertical growth was registered for the last 500 years, when the rate of peat accumulation increased 5 times up to 0.44 mm/year. The increase in peat accumulation rate could be attributed to climatic causes, so the recent climate changes will perhaps contribute to further peatland growth.
About the Authors
N. M. Pisarchuk
Belarusian State University
Belarus
Belarus
Faculty of Geography, Department of Physical Geography of the World and Educational Technologies, Lecturer
E. Yu. Novenko
Lomonsov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Faculty of Geography, Department of Physical Geography and Landscape Science, Leading Scientific Researcher, D.Sc. in Geography
Russian Federation
Faculty of Geography, Department of Physical Geography and Landscape Science, Leading Scientific Researcher, D.Sc. in Geography
D. N. Kozlov
Lomonsov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Faculty of Geography, Department of Physical Geography and Landscape Science, Associate Professor, PhD. in Geography
Russian Federation
Faculty of Geography, Department of Physical Geography and Landscape Science, Associate Professor, PhD. in Geography
P. M. Shilov
Lomonsov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Faculty of Geography, Department of Physical Geography and Landscape Science, student
Russian Federation
Faculty of Geography, Department of Physical Geography and Landscape Science, student
References
1. Broström A., Nielsen A.B., Gaillard M.-J. et al. Pollen productivity estimates of key European plant taxa for quantitative reconstruction of past vegetation: a review // Veget. Hist. Archaeobot. 2008. Vol. 17. P. 461–478.
2. Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013.
3. Dinamika lesnyh jekosistem juga Valdajskoj vozvyshennosti v pozdnem plejstocene i golocene [The dynamics of the forest ecosystems of the south of the Valdai Hills in the late Pleistocene and Holocene], Ed. E.Yu. Novenko, Moscow: GEOS, 2011, 112 p. (in Russian).
4. Elina G.A., Tokarev P.N. Zakonomernosti akkumuljacii organiki i ugleroda v bolotnyh jekosistemah Karelii [Laws of the accumulation of organic matter and carbon in wetland ecosystems of Karelia], Trudy Karel’skogo nauchnogo centra Rossijskoj akademii nauk, 2010, no 1, pp. 34–51 (in Russian).
5. Faktory reguljacii jekosistem elovyh lesov [Factors regulating ecosystems of spruce forests], Pod. red. V.G. Karpova, Leningrad: Nauka, 1983, 318 p. (in Russian).
6. Hua Q., Barbetti M., Rakowski A.Z. Atmospheric radiocarbon for the period 1950–2010 // Radiocarbon. 2013. Vol. 55, N 4. P. 2059–2072.
7. Hydrometeorological centre of Russia [Electronic resource]: Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring. Moskow, 2015. ULR: http://wmc.meteoinfo.ru/ (Аccesses: 30.11.2015) (in Russian).
8. Grichuk V.P. Metodika obrabotki osadochnyh porod bednyh organicheskimi ostatkami, dlja celej pyl’cevogo analiza [Methods of treatment of sediments poor in organic remains, for pollen analysis], Problemy fizicheskoj geografii, 1940, vyp. 8, pp 53–58 (in Russian).
9. Grimm E.C. TILIA and TILIA. GRAPH.PC spreadsheet and graphics software for pollen data. INQUA, Working Group on DataHandling Methods // Newsletter. 1990. Vol. 4. P. 5–7.
10. Inisheva L.I., Berezina N.A. Vozniknovenie i razvitie processa zabolachivanija na Zapadno-Sibirskoj ravnine [The emergence and development of water-logging in the West Siberian Plain], Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, 2013, no 366, pp. 172–179 (in Russian).
11. Inisheva L.I., Kobak K.I., Turchinovich I.E. Razvitie processa zabolachivanija i skorost’ akkumuljacii ugleroda v bolotnyh jekosistemah Rossii [The development process of waterlogging and rate of accumulation of carbon in wetland ecosystems Russia], Geografija i prirodnye resursy, 2013, no 3, pp. 60–68 (in Russian).
12. Khotinsky N.A. Golotsen Severnoj Evrazii [Holocene Northern Eurasia], Moscow: Nauka, 1977, 197 p. (in Russian).
13. Klimanov V.A., Sirin A.A. Dinamika torfonakoplenija bolotami Severnoj Evrazii za poslednie 3000 let [Dynamics of peat accumulation swamps of Northern Eurasia for the past 3,000 years], Doklady Akademii Nauk, 1997, t. 354, no 5, pp. 683–686 (in Russian).
14. Lapshina E.D. K ekologicheskoj ocenke sovremennogo sostojanija i istorii razvitija rechnyh pojm [By the environmental assessment of the current state and the history of the river floodplains], Sibirskij jekologicheskij zhurnal, 1995, no 4, pp. 297–304 (in Russian).
15. Mann M.E., Zhang Z., Rutherford S. et al. Global signatures and dynamical origins of the Little Ice Age and Medieval climate anomaly // Science. 2009. Vol. 326. Р. 1256–1260.
16. Minayeva T.Yu., Trofimov S.Ya., Dorofeyeva E.I. et al. Carbon accumulation in soils of forest and bog ecosystems of southern Valdai in the Holocene // Biol. Bull. 2008. Т. 35, N 5. P. 524–532.
17. Novenko E.Ju., Nosova M.B., Krasnorutskaya K.V. Osobennosti poverhnostnyh sporovo-pyl’cevyh spektrov juzhnoj tajgi Vostochno-Evropejskoj ravniny [Features of surface pollen spectra of the southern taiga of East European Plain], Izvestija TulGU. Ser. Estestvennye nauki, 2011. Vol. 2, pp. 345–354 (in Russian).
18. Novenko E.Ju., Zjuganova I.S., Oltchev A.V. Primenenie metoda paleoanalogov dlja prognoza dinamiki rastitel’nosti pri izmenenijah klimata [Application of paleoanalogs for the prediction of the dynamics of vegetation under climate change], Doklady Akademii nauk, 2014, t. 457, no 1, pp. 117–121 (in Russian).
19. Novenko E.Yu., Volkova E.M., Nosova M.B., Zuganova I.S. Late Glacial and Holocene landscape dynamics in the southern taiga zone of East European Plain according to pollen and macrofossil records from the Central Forest State Reserve (Valdai Hills, Russia) // Quaternary Intern. 2009. Vol. 207. P. 93–103.
20. Parnell A.C., Haslett J., Allen J.R.M. et al. A flexible approach to assessing synchroneity of past events using Bayesian reconstructions of sedimentation history // Quat. Sci. Rev. 2008. Vol. 27. P. 1872–1885.
21. Paromov S.V., Savichev O.G. Gidrologicheskie aspekty obrazovanija bolot v tajozhnoj zone Zapadnoj Sibiri [Hydrological aspects of the formation of bogs in the taiga zone of Western Siberia], Izvestija Tomskogo politehnicheskogo universiteta, 2014, t. 324, no 1, pp. 154–161 (in Russian).
22. Reimer P.J., Bard E., Bayliss A. et al. IntCal13 and Marine13 Radiocarbon Age Calibration Curves, 0–50,000 Years cal BP // Radiocarbon. 2013. Vol. 55. P. 1869–1887.
23. Shaposhnikov E.S. Associacii elovyh lesov Central’no-Lesnogo zapovednika [Association spruce forest Central Forest Reserve], Avtoref. kand. diss., Leningrad: BIN im. Komarova, 1988 (in Russian).
24. Utkin A.I., Zamolodchikov D.G., Chestnyh O.V. et al. Lesa Rossii kak rezervuar organicheskogo ugleroda biosfery [Russian forests as a reservoir of organic carbon of the biosphere], Lesovedenie, 2001, no 5, pp. 8–23 (in Russian).
25. Velichko A.A., Kremenetsky K.V., Negedank Y. et al. Pozdnechetvertichnaya istiriya okruzhayuschey sredy severovostochnoy oblasti Evropy (Kostromskoe Zavolzhie) po dannym kompleksnogo izucheniya osadkov Galichskogo ozera [Late Quaternary environmental history northeastern region of Europe (Trans-Volga Kostroma), according to a comprehensive study of the lake sediments Galich], Izvestija RAN, ser. geogr., 2011, no 3, pp. 42–54 (in Russian).
26. Vomperskij S.Je. Vlijanie sovremennogo klimata na bolotoobrazovanie i gidrolesomelioraciju [The impact of the current climate on the bog and reclamation], Struktura i funkcii lesov Evropejskoj Rossii, Moskow, 2009, pp. 31–51 (in Russian).
27. Vomperskij S.Je., Tsyganova O.P., Kovalev A.G. et al. Zabolochennost’ territorii Rossii kak faktor svjazyvanija atmosfernogo ugleroda [Wetlands Russia as a factor in binding atmospheric carbon], Global’nye izmenenija prirodnoj sredy i klimata, Moskow, 1999, pp. 124–145 (in Russian).
Review
For citations:
Pisarchuk N.M., Novenko E.Yu., Kozlov D.N., Shilov P.M. INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE CHANGES ON FOREST ECOSYSTEMS AND PEATLAND DEVELOPMENT IN THE CENTRAL FOREST STATE RESERVE. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 5, Geografiya. 2016;(4):73-82. (In Russ.)
Views:
772
Email this article 
