VERTICAL GEOCHEMICAL STRUCTURE OF SOILS OF THE FOREST-STEPPE LOAMY CATENAS OF A BALKA WATER CATCHMENT AREA IN THE CENTRE OF THE SREDNERUSSKAYA UPLAND

Chernozem soils of gully-balka catenas in the centre of the Srednerusskaya Upland have the following parameters of the humus horizon: 50–60% of coarse silt, 4–9% of clay fraction, 4–6% of humus and pH 5– 6. The soils showed typical total concentrations of Fe, Sr, Cr, Zn, Ni, Cu, Co and Pb. Concentrations of exchangeable and organo-mineral metal compounds, as well as those specifically absorbed by Fe and Mg hydroxides are in line with background values characteristic for Russian chernozems. Total amounts of mobile compounds as percentage of the total concentrations are 30-90 for Mn, 10-100 for Pb, 10-30 for Co, 10-25 for Ni, 5-25 for Sr, 7-20 for Cu, 5-15 for Zn, 2-4 for Fe and 0.5-2.0 for Cr. In leached and podzolic chernozems the concentrations of Fe, Cr, Ni, Zn, Co, Cu, Pb and Sr are mostly without variation; those of Ca and Mg increase and of Mn decrease down the soil profile. Total concentrations of metals show no differentiation in meadow chernozem soils. Organo-mineral metal compounds accumulate in the upper layers of chernozems and are evenly distributed in meadow chernozem soils. Exchangeable and specifically absorbed metal compounds have no predominant type of vertical distribution. The contrasts in metal distribution along the soil profile decrease from leached chernozems to podzolic chernozems and meadow chernozem soils. The main factor governing the vertical distribution of metals in soils is the concentration of Fe and Mn.

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