Reduction in the number of rural settlements in the Republic of Udmurtia during 1920s–2000s
https://doi.org/10.55959/MSU0579-9414.5.79.6.9
Abstract
The purpose of the study is to identify the main factors, causes, features and nature of the abolishment of rural settlements in the Udmurt Republic, that took place mainly since the late 1930s. The empirical basis of the study is the interactive “Atlas of Disappeared Villages of Udmurtia”, legal documents confirming the fact of abolishment, non-statistical information, as well as information provided by Udmurtstat at the official request of the authors. The collected data are processed using the methods of content analysis, analysis and synthesis, cartographic method and calculation of the Spearman’s correlation coefficient.
A general picture of the abolishment process of rural settlements in Udmurtia is presented. The process is examined in detail for the Votkinsky and Yarsky districts. The former is characterized by a variety of causes and factors of abolishment, and the latter is a typical one in this context.
At least 48 settlements were abolished in the Votkinsky district. During particular historical periods the reasons were different. In the initial period of the USSR, the mass abolishment of individual agricultural farms was caused by the collectivization. In the 1960–1970s the mass abolishment, implemented within the framework of the directive on the abolishment of unpromising villages, was caused by their small population and large migration outflow that took place since the 1950s. Settlements were also abolished due to the confiscation of areas for water reservoirs and hydroelectric power stations, as well as because of the depletion of forest resources.
The main reasons of abolishment were depopulation, recognition of settlements as unpromising and their further exclusion from accounting data.
In addition, the authors pay attention to modern abolishment of rural settlements, when the main factors are their depopulation and economic abandonment. Current trends associated with the formation of new villages replacing once abolished ones are also identified
About the Authors
O. A. Balabeikina
Saint Petersburg State University of Economics, Faculty of Humanities, Department of Regional Economics and Nature Management
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Associate Professor, Ph.D. in Geography
V. Yu. Korobuschenko
Saint Petersburg State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Master in Geourbanistics
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Review
For citations:
Balabeikina O.A., Korobuschenko V.Yu. Reduction in the number of rural settlements in the Republic of Udmurtia during 1920s–2000s. Lomonosov Geography Journal. 2024;(6):106–115. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.55959/MSU0579-9414.5.79.6.9
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