Soviet plan for the reformation of rural areas on the example of the Verkhnyaya Troitsa village, Tver region
https://doi.org/10.55959/MSU0579-9414.5.78.4.12
Abstract
The article analyses the changes caused by the Soviet plans to transform the countryside, considering a specific example of a settlement in the Tver (former Kalinin) region. In the 1970s the studied village of the Verkhnyaya Troitsa was classified as a “viable” one; it was also included in a small number of villages chosen as “experimental and demonstrative”. Among the reasons for the close attention by the Soviet authorities was the fact that the village was a birthplace of M.I. Kalinin – the famous Soviet political figure. On the basis of statistical data, local history materials and our own field studies, a “portrait” of the Verkhnyaya Troitsa village was compiled for each of the four identified stages, i. e. pre-revolutionary, pre-war, late Soviet and modern. The dualistic consequences of the projects implemented during the Soviet period are shown. On the one hand, an ordinary village has become a large rural center; on the other hand, the remaining industrial and social facilities do not meet modern needs.
Supporting agencies: The study was financially supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project 27-17-00112).
About the Authors
A. A. Smirnova
Tver State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Department of Socio-Economic Geography and Territorial Planning, Associate Professor, Ph.D. in Geography
D. V. Vinogradov
Tver State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Department of Socio-Economic Geography and Territorial Planning, Post-graduate student
References
1. Alekseev A.I. [Rural Settlement: Concepts and Reality], Sovremennoe selo: puti razvitiya [Modern village: ways of development], Voprosy geografii, Sb. 132, Moscow, 1988, р. 144–182. (In Russian)
2. Alekseev A.I., Vasil’eva O.E., Udovenko V.S. Sel’skii obraz zhizni: opyt izucheniya na primere malykh sel Leningradskoi oblasti [Rural way of life: experience of case studies of small villages of the Leningrad region], Vestn. SPb. Un-ta, Nauki o Zemle, 2020, vol. 65, no. 3, p. 468–477, DOI: 10.21638/spbu07.2020.304. (In Russian)
3. Atlas Kalininskoi oblasti [Atlas of the Kalinin region], Glavnoe upravlenie geodezii i kartografii, Moscow, GUGK Publ., 1964, 34 p. (In Russian)
4. Bardashov V.Kh. S beregov Medveditsy: istoricheskie khroniki [From the banks of the Medveditsa River: historical chronicles.], Kashin, 2009, 178 p. (In Russian)
5. Bogdanova E. [Anthropology of a village two-storey building: from the study of dwelling to the study of community], Vdali ot gorodov, Povsednevnaya zhizn’ postsovetskoi derevni [Away from the cities: everyday life of post-Soviet village], E. Bogdanova & O. Brednikova (еds.), SPb., Aleteiya Publ., 2013, р. 105–126. (In Russian)
6. Elin Yu.V. Verkhnyaya Troitsa: ob eksperimental’nopokazatel’nom sele sovkhoza “Verkhnetroitskii” Kashinskogo raiona [Verkhnyaya Troitsa: about the experimental and demonstrative village of the “Verkhnetroitsky” state farm, Kashinsky district], B.P. Tobilevich (еd.), Moscow, Stroiizdat Publ., 1984, 56 p. (In Russian)
7. Hihluha L.V., Moiseeva S.B., Bagirov R.D., Sogomonyan N.M. Arhitektura rossijskogo sela [Architecture of the Russian village], Moscow, 2005, 208 p. (In Russian)
8. Inzhenernoe oborudovanie sel Kalininskoi oblasti: reklamnyi prospekt [Engineering equipment of the villages of the Kalinin region: advertising brochure], Kalinin, 1986, 31 p. (In Russian)
9. Nikulin A.M. Agrarniki, vlast’ i selo: ot proshlogo k nastoyashchemu [Agrarians, power and village: from the past to the present], Moscow, Izdatel’skii dom “Delo” RANKhiGS Publ., 2014, 400 p. (In Russian)
10. Planirovka i zastroika sel’skikh naselennykh mest v SSSR [Planning and development of rural settlements in the USSR], B.A. Makhan’ko i dr. (еd.), Moscow, Stroiizdat Publ., 1980, 296 p. (In Russian)
11. Prusikhin O.E., Zhukovskii E.D., Krutov O.D., Alekseev A.I. Zhizn’ Ivana i Gansa v XXI veke, Volchikhinskii raion, Altaiskii krai [Life of Ivan and Hans in the 21st century: Volchikhinsky district, Altai Territory], Krest’yanovedenie, 2022, vol. 7, no. 3, р. 190–209. (In Russian)
12. Savoskul M.S., Alekseev A.I. Traektorii transformatsii odnoi neperspektivnoi derevni (na primere derevni Kuzreka Terskogo raiona Murmanskoi oblasti) [Trajectories of transformation of an unpromising village (case study of the village of Kuzreka, Tersky district, Murmansk region)], Krest’yanovedenie, 2021, vol. 6, no. 3, р. 111–123. (In Russian)
13. Sbornik statisticheskikh svedenii po Tverskoi gubernii [Collection of statistical information on the Tver province], Statisticheskii otdel Tverskoi gubernskoi zemskoi upravy, Izdanie Tverskago gubernskago zemstva, Tver’, Tipografiya Gubernskogo Pravleniya, 1893, vol. 9, vyp. 2, Korchevskoi uezd, 327 p. (In Russian)
14. Sbornik statisticheskikh svedenii po Tverskoi gubernii [Collection of statistical information on the Tver province], Statisticheskii otdel Tverskoi gubernskoi zemskoi upravy, Izdanie Tverskogo gubernskogo zemstva, Tver’, Tipografiya Tverskogo Gubernskogo Zemstva, 1894, vol. 10, Kashinskii uezd, 429 p. (In Russian)
15. Scott J.C. Seeing Like a State: How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human Condition Have Failed, Yale University Press, 1998, 464 p.
16. Semenov P.P. Muraevenskaya volost’ [Muraevenskaya volost], Sb. materialov dlya izucheniya sel’skoi pozemel’noi obshchiny, SPb., 1880. (In Russian)
17. Semenova-Tyan-Shanskaya O.P. Zhizn’ Ivana, ocherki iz byta krest’yan odnoi iz chernozemnykh gubernii [The Life of Ivan, essays on the life of the peasants in a Black-Earth provinces], SPb., Tip. M. M. Stasyulevicha Publ., 1914, (In Russian)
18. Shanin T. The Awkward Class. Political Sociology of Peasantry in a Developing Society: Russia 1910–1925, Clarendon Press, 1972, 273 p.
19. Smirnov I.P., Smirnova A.A., Tkachenko A.A. Itogi provedeniya politiki sseleniya malykh dereven’ v Nechernozem’e [na primere Tverskoi oblasti], [The results of the policy of resettlement of small villages in the Non-Chernozem region [case study of the Tver region]], Vestn. Mosk. Un-ta, Ser. 5, Geogr., 2020, no. 4, р. 105–115. (In Russian)
20. Smirnov I.P., Vinogradov D.M., Alekseev A.I. Prostranstvennye svyazi lokal’nogo soobshchestva (na primere der. Pronino Ves’egonskogo raiona Tverskoi oblasti) [Spatial connections of the local community (case study of the village of Pronino, Vesyegonsky district, Tver region)], Vestn. SPb. Un-ta, Nauki o Zemle, 2021, vol. 66, no. 2. (In Russian)
Review
For citations:
Smirnova A.A., Vinogradov D.V. Soviet plan for the reformation of rural areas on the example of the Verkhnyaya Troitsa village, Tver region. Lomonosov Geography Journal. 2023;(4):137-145. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.55959/MSU0579-9414.5.78.4.12
Views:
225
Email this article 
