The influence of basin landscape pattern on specific low-water flow of small rivers in the north and south of Chukotka
https://doi.org/10.55959/MSU0579-9414.5.78.1.9
Abstract
The article analyses landscape factors that determine the runoff of small Arctic and Subarctic rivers in the far northeast of Asia. The paper considers hydrography, structure of permafrost landscapes and their hydrochemical characteristics, and the spatial dynamics of low-water runoff in the basins of the Ugolnaya-Dionisiya and Yanranayvaam rivers. It has been established that sustainable water intake depends on the ratio of landscapes generating and depositing the permafrost runoff, namely Arctic char gravelly shrub tundra, lowland tussock tundra and hummock swamps. The low-water runoff of 20–50 l/km2·sec is typical for the sources of rivers, where seasonal char ice melts in the slope deposits and condensation waters are formed. Melt water of seasonal intra-surface soil ice on the gentle slopes of tundra hummocks provides specific runoff of 10–20 l/km2·sec. Upland and lowland marshes deposit above-frozen waters, and their runoff is less than 10 l/km2 sec. Using the example of two catchment basins, it is shown that the decrease in precipitation in the north of Chukotka is almost completely compensated by the formation of condensation waters. At the same time, in-ground seasonal infiltration soil ice is replaced in Arctic landscapes by infiltration-condensation char ice, and its melt water makes up for the loss of surface runoff.
About the Authors
O. D. Tregubov
Shilo Northern-East Complex Scientifi c-Research Institute FEB RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Leading Scientifi c Researcher, Ph.D. in Geology and Mineralogy
V. Yu. Razzhivin
Komarov Botanical Institute RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Senior Scientifi c Researcher, Ph.D. in Biology
V. V. Shamov
Pacifi c Geographical Institute FEB RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Chief Scientifi c Researcher, D.Sc. in Geography
L. S. Lebedeva
Melnikov Permafrost Institute SB RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Senior Scientifi c Researcher, Ph.D. in Geography
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Review
For citations:
Tregubov O.D., Razzhivin V.Yu., Shamov V.V., Lebedeva L.S. The influence of basin landscape pattern on specific low-water flow of small rivers in the north and south of Chukotka. Lomonosov Geography Journal. 2023;(1):106-117. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.55959/MSU0579-9414.5.78.1.9
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