Extremes and general trends in long-term variability of atmospheric radiation parameters in Moscow
https://doi.org/10.55959/MSU0579-9414-5-2022-6-90-103
Abstract
The work continues the study of the causes of climatic changes in the Moscow region basing on the observations of the MSU Meteorological Observatory. Long-term dynamics of the main climate-forming factor, i. e. the radiation regime of the atmosphere, was analyzed. During the 65 year observation period in Moscow, significant trends were noted for all radiation parameters of the atmosphere, most pronounced in winter. The average annual values of radiation, long-wavelength balances and soil surface temperature increase by 26, 16 and 49% respectively, and their winter values by 73, 41 and 34%. In the 21st century, the decrease in aerosol turbidity of the atmosphere, the increase in direct and the decrease in scattered radiation have intensified. The rate of increase in the long-wave and radiation balance, as well as in the soil surface temperature, has almost doubled. In the absence of significant volcanic eruptions, the “greenhouse effect” of cloud cover has become a principal natural factor. The anthropogenic component of aerosol turbidity has significantly decreased in recent years, which is associated with a number of measures taken by the Moscow government to improve the state of the environment in the city. The anthropogenic influence on the radiation regime in the city manifested itself in higher long-wave fluxes, which led to increased intensity of the “heat island” in the 21st century.
Supporting agencies: The author is deeply grateful to all engineers and technicians of the MSU Meteorological Observatory who monitored the radiation parameters of the atmosphere. The study was partly financed by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education (megagrant 075-15-2021-574) and carried out under the research theme of the state task “Weather and climatic processes of different spatio-temporal dimensions under anthropogenic pressure” (CITIS no. 121051400081-7).
About the Author
E. V. Gorbarenko
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography, Department of Meteorology and Climatology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Leading Scientifi c Researcher, Ph.D. in Geography
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For citations:
Gorbarenko E.V. Extremes and general trends in long-term variability of atmospheric radiation parameters in Moscow. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 5, Geografiya. 2022;(6):90-103. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.55959/MSU0579-9414-5-2022-6-90-103
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